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Noise is a normal feature of life. It can be defined as the unwanted sound or sound without agreeable musical quality. Sound is caused by by the vibration of molecules and is the periodic mechanical disturbance in fluids and solids. Noise radiates from vibrating surfaces and vibrating gases. It grows with increase in horse power of machines and with increasing speed of exhaust gases. Sound travels in presence of pressure waves.
The frequency of the waves determines the pitch of the sound and amplitude of sound waves determines loudness.
Man made noises arise from activities in industries, transportation, music transmitted from amplifiers, etc. Noise pollution has become a serious environmental pollutant. The power of industrial machinery has increased enormously. Noise inside factories is a health threat for the workers especially. Repulsive noises arising from mechanical saws and pneumatic drills is a nuisance to the public living nearby.
Transportation causes a great deal of noises too. The number of road vehicles increasing everyday causes more and more noises. Air transport have also increased and air fields too. Nobody likes such establishments in their neighbourhood because they cause so much of anxiety. An important aspect of air transport is sonic boom. Sonic boom causes significant damage to property as well as they cause mental anguish too due to the large noise generated. Hard not to mention is how those noises frightens the animals.
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The effects of noise pollution are varied. Most immediate effect is caused by partial damage to our hearing system. Acute damages are caused to the eardrum when exposed to very loud noises. Prolonged exposure to noise of certain frequency pattern leads to hearing loss. It causes damage to the cardiovascular system too. Changes in breathing amplitude also occurs due to impulsive noises. Noises effects our sleep pattern.
The control of noise pollution starts from reducing it. These can be done by many ways. For example, noise producing machinery equipment maybe covered with an insulating material. Person exposed to noises can wear earmuffs. Community noises arising from traffic and transportation can be done by switching to quieter diesel engines, routing highways from populated areas.
Noise pollution have always existed and it is unlike other pollutions. But now since people are more subjected to stress related situations, attention must be given to control it.
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