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Jawaharlal Nehru Essay, Speech, Paragraph, Composition, Short Note

1st Prime Minister of India
In office 15 August 1947 – 27 May 1964
Monarch	George VI (until 26 January 1950)
President	Rajendra Prasad Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Governor General	Earl Mountbatten of Burma Chakravarti Rajagopalachari (until 26 January 1950)
Deputy	Vallabhbhai Patel
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Gulzarilal Nanda (Acting)
Minister of Defence
In office 31 October 1962 – 14 November 1962
Preceded by	V. K. Krishna Menon
Succeeded by	Yashwantrao Chavan
In office 30 January 1957 – 17 April 1957
Preceded by	Kailash Nath Katju
Succeeded by	V. K. Krishna Menon
In office 10 February 1953 – 10 January 1955
Preceded by	N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar
Succeeded by	Kailash Nath Katju
Minister of Finance
In office 13 February 1958 – 13 March 1958
Preceded by	Tiruvellore Thattai Krishnamachariar
Succeeded by	Morarji Desai
In office 24 July 1956 – 30 August 1956
Preceded by	Chintaman Dwarakanath Deshmukh
Succeeded by	Tiruvellore Thattai Krishnamachariar
Minister of External Affairs
In office 2 September 1946 – 27 May 1964
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Gulzarilal Nanda
Vice President of Executive Council
In office 2 September 1946 – 15 August 1947
Personal details
Born	14 November 1889 Allahabad, United Provinces, British India (now in Uttar Pradesh, India)
Died	27 May 1964 (aged 74) New Delhi, India
Cause of death	Heart attack
Resting place	Shantivan
Political party	Indian National Congress
Spouse(s)	Kamala Nehru (m. 1916;d. 1936)
Relations	See Nehru–Gandhi family
Children	Indira Gandhi
Parents	Motilal Nehru Swaruprani Thussu
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge Inns of Court
Occupation	Barrister writer politician
Awards	Bharat Ratna (1955)
Signature

Jawaharlal Nehru Introduction (Jawaharlal Nehru Biography)

Jawaharlal Nehru : Essay , Speech On Jawaharlal Nehru : Jawaharlal Nehru was the son of Motilal Nehru and Swaroopiani. He was born in Allahabad on November 14, 1889. He was the first Prime Minister of Independent India. He grew up in an influential political family, his father being a lawyer and prominent in the Nationalist Movement. He was born rich and thus his Childhood was privilege; he was tutored at home and then studied in England at Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was admitted to English Bar and returned to India very westernized.He enrolled himself in Allahabad court as a lawyer. He married Kamala Kaul in year 1916. And in 1917 their only child Indira was born.

Jawaharlal Nehru met Mahatma Gandhi in 1916 at an Indian National Congress party meeting. From then on, their lives were entwined, though they differed on several points, largely because of Nehru’s international outlook clashed with Gandhi’s simple Indian outlooks and views.

Jawaharlal Nehru Essay, Speech, Paragraph, Composition, Short Note

Jawaharlal Nehru in Politics

In 1919 when he overheard General Dyer gloating over the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, he vowed to fight the British. Regardless of the criticism, he was one of the most influential leaders in freedom struggle. He was the pioneering articulators of Asian resurgence and an unusually idealistic advocate of consciences in International politics.

During his life time, he went through the variety of individual and collective reactions- to be adored as a revolutionary and vibrant personification of the forward looking spirit of India, to be described as a pampered young man who unintentionally acquired the national leadership due to influence of his father and the nepotism of Mahatma Gandhi.

Read Also : Essay On Sardar Patel | Speech On Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

He is admired as the leader of freedom movement, as the father of institutional democracy and as an architect of Indian policy. After World War II he participated in the negotiations that eventually created the separate states of India and Pakistan, a partition of Indian subcontinent between Hindus and Muslims that Gandhi refused to accept. When independence came on Aug. 15, 1947, Nehru became Prime Minister of India, leading his country through the difficult transition period. Nehru had to cope with the influx of Hindu refugees from Pakistan, the problem of integrating the princely states into the new federal structure, and war with Pakistan (1948) over Kashmir and with China (1962).

Conclusion : Speech on Jawaharlal Nehru

In International affairs he pursues a policy of strict nonalignment, a difficult course in the cold- war years; his neutralism broke down, however, when he asked for western aid during the Sino-Indian conflict. In January 1964, he suffered a stroke. He died four months later. Nehru was the author of many books, including an autobiography, Toward Freedom (1941). He had a great love for children and therefore his birthday started to be called as Children’s Day. Children called him Chachaji.

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Indira Gandhi : Essay, Biography, Early Life, Speech, Personal Profile

Indira Gandhi Personal Profile

Personal details
Born	Indira Priyadarshini Nehru 19 November 1917 Allahabad, United Provinces, British India
Died	31 October 1984 (aged 66) New Delhi, India
Political party	Indian National Congress
Spouse(s)	Feroze Gandhi
Relations	See Nehru–Gandhi family
Children	Rajiv Gandhi Sanjay Gandhi
Parents	Jawaharlal Nehru Kamala Nehru
Alma mater	Visva-Bharati University (dropout) Somerville College, Oxford (dropout)
Religion	Hinduism
Awards	Bharat Ratna (1971)

Indira Gandhi Essay

Born in the year 1917 on November 19^th Indira Gandhi was India’s Prime Minister from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 right up to the time she was assassinated in the year 1984. She was also India’s first and only female Prime Minister.

Indira Gandhi Essay

BioGraphy of Indira Gandhi

Indira Gandhi Early life, Education and Marriage

Indira Gandhi was born in 1917 to the then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Kamla Nehru in Allahabad and was their only child. She spent a part of her childhood in India, Switzerland and England where she attended Somerville College, in Oxford. She stayed in Switzerland with her mother who passed away due to tuberculosis. She also could not complete her education from Somerville College due to prolonged illnesses and dropped out before getting her degree. However, she was later conferred an honorary degree from the college.

Her Grandfather was Motilal Nehru who was one of the early advocates of Indian Independence and also an ardent supporter of Mahatma Gandhi. Thus being from a mostly politically influenced family she had a lot of opportunities to interact with many of the famous freedom fighters like Mahatma Gandhi, Lal Bahadur Shastri, etc.

She married Feroze Gandhi in the year 1942 who was a fellow member of the Indian National Congress amidst opposition from her family. She had two children with him, I.e. Sanjay and Rajiv Gandhi who would both go on to have a political career for themselves as well.

Indira Gandhi Political Career

On returning from Oxford, she acted as her father’s assistant while he was the prime minister through the years 1947-1965 and also accompanied him on many of his foreign tours. Even Though she was just considered a personal assistant, she still wielded a considerable amount of power with the government. She was also a part of the then popular Indian Independence movement.

Indira Gandhi was elected to a new 21 member working Committee of the Congress Party in 1955, and within the next four years, she was appointed the President.

Upon her father’s death in 1964, Lal Bahadur Shastri took over the position of the new Prime Minister and the vacant position of Minister of Information and Broadcasting that he previously held as taken over by Indira Gandhi. After Shastri’s death two years later, she was appointed to be the Prime Minister by the Congress Party Leaders.

During her tenure as the Prime Minister, she introduced many schemes or measures such as the Green Revolution, the victory over Pakistan in the Pakistan war and India’s own nuclear bomb which gained her a huge amount of popularity among the voters.

However during the 1970’s high inflation, poverty and protests over corruption in the elections a state of emergency was declared in the year 1975 where the citizen’s constitutional rights were removed, political opponents were imprisoned, and the press was strictly monitored.

Other policies like large scale mandatory sterilisation too affected her popularity and gave her the reputation of being authoritarian.

End of Political Career of Indira Gandhi

Indira Gandhi’s conviction in 1975 by the High Court of Allahabad for electoral corruption imposed upon her a ban from competing in the election for the next six years. Indira Gandhi reacted to this by imposing a state of Emergency. She lost the 1977’s election and temporarily dropped out of politics. In the same year, he son Sanjay Gandhi passed away in a plane crash.

However, she returned for a fourth term in the year 1980. Most of the duration of her fourth term was spent to try and resolve the political issues in Punjab. In 1984 she ordered the army to open fire upon the Sikh separatists who were hiding in the Golden Temple. This resulted in a significant number of causalities where at least 450 Sikh’s were reportedly killed, and the Golden Temple too was destroyed.

This act earned her deep hatred among the Sikh Community.

Assassination of Indira Gandhi

Merely five months on October 31^st 1984 after the Storming of the golden temple, Indira Gandhi was assassinated at her residence by her Sikh bodyguards as retribution for attacking the Golden Temple.

She was cremated three days later in a Hindu Ritual.

Gautama Buddha : Essay, Article, Quotes, Early Life, Biography

Introduction Of Gautama Buddha

Gautama Buddha was one of the supreme spiritual teachers across the globe. He gave the significance of reality, tranquillity, compassion and impartiality. His wisdom and sayings became the origin of Buddhism, one of world’s most significant religions which are followed in countries like Japan, China, and Burma to name a few.

Early Life of Gautama Buddha

He is supposed to have been born in the Lumbini woods in Nepalese Terai in the sixth century B.C. Previous to he became the Buddha (the Enlightened), he was renowned as Siddharth. His father’s name was Suddhodana, who was the leader of Kapilvastu. His mother’s name was Maya Devi, who passed away as soon as she gave birth to Siddharth.

Siddharth was a kid with a thoughtful bent of mind. He was inclined towards contemplation and spiritual pursuits much against the desires of his father. His father feared that Siddharth might depart home, and so, kept trying to shield him from the cruel realities of the world outside by keeping him inside the fort all the time.

He even set his marriage with a good-looking princess Yashodhara when he was just eighteen years old. They had a boy whom they named Rahul. But all these could not alter the mind of the youthful Siddharth.

Sufferings of Gautama Buddha

The Buddhist customs state that when Siddharth come across an old man, a pale person and a lifeless body, he recognized how short lived is worldly passions and delights. Shortly after he left his family and the empire and went into the jungle in search of serenity and reality. He roamed from place to place to achieve awareness. He met many intellectuals and saints but he was not contented.

Enlightenment of Gautama Buddha

At last he started unbreakable meditation bearing great physical suffering and pain. After years and years of travelling and consideration Siddharth got enlightenment when he was sitting in thought under a tree in the city of Ganges (Bihar).

Siddharth at this moment got transformed into Buddha or the enlightened one when he was thirty five. The tree underneath which he got Enlightenment came to be acknowledged as Bodhi Vriksha.

Buddha accomplished what he aspired for. He preached his first lecture in Sarnath, near Varanasi. He taught that the world is filled of sorrows and people endure on account of desire. Hence wishes required to be conquered by the following Eight fold Path. Of these eight paths, the first three would make sure physical power, the next two ensures psychological control, and the last two would guarantee logical expansion.

Nirvana of Gautama Buddha

Buddha educated that the ultimate goal of every Buddhist is the realization of ‘Nirvana’. ‘Nirvana’ could be attained neither by prayer nor by surrendering. It can be achieved by true kind of livelihood and thoughts. Buddha did not converse of God and his teachings comprise more of a viewpoint and system of beliefs than a religion. Buddhism affirms the regulation of Karma by which a person’s deed in life determines his position in upcoming incarnations.

Buddhism is recognized with the ideology of non-violence. The Tripitika is a compilation of Buddha’s knowledge, existence and theoretical discourses on the teachings and the commentaries. Buddha achieved Nirvana in Khushinagar (U.P.) in 483 B.C.

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Short Essay On Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam : Speech On Abdul Kalam

Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Essay – Article On Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Profile Of Abdul Kalam

Abdul Kalam Personal details
Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Profile
Born	Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam ஆவுல் பக்கிர் ஜைனுலாபுதீன் அப்துல் கலாம் 15 October 1931 Rameswaram, Ramnad District, Madras Presidency,British India (now in Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
Died	27 July 2015 (aged 83) Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Cause of death	Cardiac arrest (Stroke)
Nationality	Indian
Alma mater	St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli Madras Institute of Technology
Profession	Professor Author Aerospace scientist
Religion	Islam
Awards	Bharat Ratna 1997 Padma Vibhushan 1990 Padma Bhushan 1981
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Biography of Abdul Kalam

Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam : Dr. APJ abdul Kalam’s full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam. Abdul Kalam was born in a Tamil Muslim family on 15th October 1931. His birthplace was Rameshwaram in Ramnad district of Madras presidency under British India. This place is presently in Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu.

Education Qualification of Abdul Kalam

He was a mediocre student at school and he had average grades, though he used to be highly appreciated for his will to study. He completed his school education from Schwartz higher secondary school at Ramanathapuram. After that he studied his Bsc Degree education from Saint Joseph College in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. He had his major in Physics. He finally graduated from college in the year 1954. Then he moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute of Technology.

Essay On Abdul Kalam

Though as a child he had a dream of becoming a fighter pilot, he missed his chance very narrowly. But it didn’t break him down . His contributions are immense. He was responsible for the development of India’s first satellite launch vehicle, the SLV- 3, development and operation of strategic missiles and building indigenous capability in critical technologies. He was appointed as the chairman of Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment council (TIFAC). He guided a number of Technology projects and missions to take India into the 21st century.

Abdul Kalam As President of India

APJ Abdul Kalam was elected as the 11th president of India in 2002 and stayed in his position for 5 years. Widely referred to as the people’s President, he returned to his civilian life of education, writing and public service after a single term. Abdul Kalam held various positions under ISRO and DRDO and became Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government Of India holding the rank of a Cabinet Minister.

Awards Recieved By Abdul Kalam

He has received honorary doctorates from 30 universities and the country’s three highest civilian honours – Padma Bhushan (1981), Padma Vibhushan (1990) and Bharat Ratna (1997).

This great personality had his last breath while giving a lecture at IIM, Meghalaya on 27th July 2015. He had a sudden cardiac arrest and he died on the spot. Whole country was in shock and mourned the death of him. He maynot be present physically but his works will always be remembered. And all we can do is to contribute our part as a new generation kid in making India a developed country. This is what he expressed in his book” India 2020- A vision for the New Millennium“.

Essay 02 – Article on Abdul Kalam | Speech on Abdul kalam

My Favorite President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

My Favorite President Late Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam : Firstly, I believe that a president has to be a great leader. This implies that he/she should have an ideal character. It is of utmost significance that a leader is reliable to lead others. A leader ought to be trusted and be acknowledged to live their life with sincerity. For me, the one that I am deeply influenced by is Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam. He was a great soul and i would like to tell you more about him.

Abdul Kalam’s Childhood

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, a scientist plus India’s 11th President. The inspirational soul was born on 15 October 1931 in Rameswaram , Tamil Nadu, in a Tamil Muslim family. He came from a modest environment and started working at an premature age to hold up his family. After carrying out his school, Dr. Kalam circulated newspapers to monetarily throw in to his father Mr. Jainulabudeen, who was a boat possessor.

Education

He studied physics at the St Joseph’s College in Tiruchirappalli, from where he graduated in 1954 and carried out Aerospace Engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology located in Chennai in the year 1960.

Contribution Of Abdul Kalam

Dr Kalam united with the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a scientist and initiated his occupation by designing a small helicopter for the Indian Army forces. He was also a major part of the INCOSPAR committee working underneath Dr Vikram Sarabhai, a very well-known space scientist. In 1969, he was relocated to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) where he was the mission administrator of India’s former indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which effectively positioned the Rohini satellite close to earth’s orbit in July 1980.

Missile Man of India

He is universally known as the ‘ Missile Man of India ‘ for his effort in the expansion of ballistic missile and launch vehicle machinery. He played a crucial role in India’s Pokhran-II nuclear analysis in 1998.

Abdul Kalam As A President of India

Kalam was elected as the President of India in the year 2002. During his tenure as the President, from 25 July 2002 till 25 July 2007, he was tenderly acknowledged as the People’s President. Dr. Kalam was the third President to have been privileged with a Bharat Ratna Award, prior to becoming the President; the earlier two were Dr Sarvapali Radhakrishnan and Dr Zakir Hussain. He was admired with the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 for his toil with ISRO and DRDO and his responsibility as a scientific consultant to the Government.

Also Read : Biography of Ramnath Kovind – 14th President of India

Books of Abdul Kalam

Amongst the many books written down by Dr. Kalam, a small amount of them are: Wings of Fire: An Autobiography (1999), Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within (2002), Target 3 Billion (2011) and My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions (2013). Dr Kalam promoted the plans to transform India into a developed country by the year 2020 in his book India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium in 1998.

Demise of Abdul Kalam

While delivering a speech at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong, Kalam collapsed and passed away from an evident cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, at the age of 83. Thousands including national-level dignitaries attended the memorial service held in his native land of Rameshwaram, where he was buried with full state honors. We lost an idol that day. The great soul is still remembered as the missile man of India and dwelling in each person who is inspired by his speeches and his personality.

Abdul Kalam Quotes

Dr Kalam is recognized for his inspirational speeches and relations with the students in India. Some of the most moving and one of my favorite quotes by him are:

“If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are the father, the mother and the teacher.”

“We will be remembered only if we give to our younger generation a prosperous and safe India, resulting out of economic prosperity coupled with civilizational heritage.”

Mr. Kalam has inspired us all in many different ways and we love them so much that it cannot be articulated in expressions.Hope You have enjoyed speech, paragraph, essay on Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam .

Favourite Quote of Abdul Kalam is : “Hard work is the key to success”

Essay on Aryabhatta | Biography of Aryabhatta

Essay on Aryabhatta | Biography of Aryabhata

Essay on Aryabhatta | Biography of Aryabhatta | Paragraph on Aryabhata | Article on Aryabhata | Speech on Aryabhatta

“Add 4 to 100, multiply by 8 and add to 62000. This is approximately the circumference of a circle whose diameter is 20000”

The riddle stated above is one of the many accomplishments of the mathematician who changed the course of mathematics and astronomy irreversibly, also known for his considerable influence over the Arabic Science world, Aryabhatta.

Born in a place called Aryabhata, in Bihar, he flourished in Kusumapura- near Pataliputra( Patna), the then capital of Gupta dynasty, Aryabhata worked out the value of pi, which is the nearest of what is used today, and arrived at the methodology for the calculation of the volume of sphere as well as the area of triangle. Even though the credits to Aryabhatta for introducing the number zero in the number system is still under clouds.It is an undeniable fact that he was the veteran in trigonometry, and the sin and cosines used by students till date was a gift rendered by him. Aryabhatta had also composed three astronomical books, but unfortunately only one among them. ‘Aryabhatiya’ has survived to see the light of the day. The mathematical part of the book deals with algebra, arithmetic, plane trigonometry in addition to advanced mathematics on continued fractions, quadratic equations, sums of power series and a table of sin. Aryabhatta established the concept that the Earth rotates around its own axis while simultaneously describing the model of solar system where the sun and moon are each carried by epicycles that in turn revolve around the Earth. He also calculated the sidereal rotation which is the rotation of the earth with respect to the stars. Needless to say, with such big developments, the influence and glory exerted by Aryabhatta knew no political or geographical boundaries.

The words of Bhaskara I best describes this Indian prodigy, which goes as “Aryabhata is the master who after reaching the farthest shores and plumbing the inmost depths of the sea of ultimate knowledge of mathematics, kinematics and spheres, handed over the three sciences to the learned world”.